According to Chargaff's rules, which are fundamental to understanding DNA structure:
The amount of guanine (G) is equal to the amount of cytosine (C), and the amount of adenine (A) is equal to the amount of thymine (T). This A=T and G=C relationship holds true in DNA.
The base composition of DNA varies between species. This means that the relative amounts of A, T, G, and C differ from one organism to another.
The amount of A, T, G, and C in DNA is independent of the source from which it is isolated. The ratios remain consistent within a given organism, regardless of the tissue or cell type the DNA is extracted from.
Essentially, Chargaff's rules paved the way for understanding DNA base pairing and the double helix structure proposed by Watson and Crick.
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